Theory of Friction and Lubrication System Features
Friction TheoryFriction is defined as the resistance to move between two objects in contact with each other, depending on the amount of friction ....
type of material, surface flatness and pressure applied to the material that is shifting.
Friction will result in high heat, thirst and loss of power on the part of the move. Although friction is sometimes necessary as the brake system, drive the road surface and tire (friction is called dry friction), but in most places in the system of the vehicle it is not necessary.
Friction can not be eliminated directly, but it may be limited or minimized by various means such as the use of bearings, bearing either type of friction or anti-friction bearings. Both types of bearings must be wet with lubricant. Friction Friction is called Wet.
There are some functions of lubrication systems on vehicles, are as follows:
i. Lubricate moving parts to minimize
Thirst.
ii. Lubricates to reduce power loss.
iii. Cooling the engine by removing the heat of the moving parts.
iv. As a vibration or shock absorber between the bearing with moving parts.
v. Produce a good guard between the cylinder wall with piston rings.
vi. Cleaning internal engine parts with pieces of metal and carbon lead to moderate or isolated.
Features Lubricants
Good lubricant must have the following characteristics:
Viscosity
i) SAE
Viscosity refers to the tendency of a liquid or liquid to flow against resistance. Society of American Engineers (SAE) has made a standard for the viscosity is by using a tool called a viscometer. Oil is heated in a heating stage and then inserted into the viscometer and the flow of time taken and the quantity of their measurement.
Faster the flow of oil is graded by a small number, for example SAE10W suitable for snowy states, because the viscosity will increase when the temperature down. While the slower the flow of oil is graded by a large number, for example SAE50, according to state that heated when the temperature rises viscosity will decrease.
Various lubricants index (multi viscosity index) and aim for good vehicle to facilitate users. This type of oil to meet the needs of two seasons. Ie winter and summer. SAE 20W-50 as an example the oils used for two seasons.
Good lubricant must have the following characteristics:
Viscosity
i) SAE
Viscosity refers to the tendency of a liquid or liquid to flow against resistance. Society of American Engineers (SAE) has made a standard for the viscosity is by using a tool called a viscometer. Oil is heated in a heating stage and then inserted into the viscometer and the flow of time taken and the quantity of their measurement.
Faster the flow of oil is graded by a small number, for example SAE10W suitable for snowy states, because the viscosity will increase when the temperature down. While the slower the flow of oil is graded by a large number, for example SAE50, according to state that heated when the temperature rises viscosity will decrease.
Various lubricants index (multi viscosity index) and aim for good vehicle to facilitate users. This type of oil to meet the needs of two seasons. Ie winter and summer. SAE 20W-50 as an example the oils used for two seasons.
ii) Proportion API
API is based on the proportion of services that will be an engine using the lubricating oil. American Petroleum Institute (API) has a grading for grade petrol engine as SA, SB, SC, SD, SE and SF. The proportion of diesel engine is as CA, CB, CC and CD.
The proportion of SA and SB is the API for the service engine light (Light Duty) the proportion of oil is less protection against erosion, sedimentation and corrosion. The proportion of the SC for the engine did 1964 to 1967. The proportion of SD is the engine that made 1968 to 1979. Perkadar SE is for engines from 1980 to 1984 and the proportion of SF is for engines next to the present.
CA is the proportion of diesel engine using the common services of good quality diesel fuel. The proportion of CB is normal for a diesel engine services using low quality fuel, which requires a high protection against rust and corrosion on the bearings. The proportion of CC for diesel engines with a simple service using a turbocharger. The proportion of CD for heavy diesel engines that use turbo chargers.
API is based on the proportion of services that will be an engine using the lubricating oil. American Petroleum Institute (API) has a grading for grade petrol engine as SA, SB, SC, SD, SE and SF. The proportion of diesel engine is as CA, CB, CC and CD.
The proportion of SA and SB is the API for the service engine light (Light Duty) the proportion of oil is less protection against erosion, sedimentation and corrosion. The proportion of the SC for the engine did 1964 to 1967. The proportion of SD is the engine that made 1968 to 1979. Perkadar SE is for engines from 1980 to 1984 and the proportion of SF is for engines next to the present.
CA is the proportion of diesel engine using the common services of good quality diesel fuel. The proportion of CB is normal for a diesel engine services using low quality fuel, which requires a high protection against rust and corrosion on the bearings. The proportion of CC for diesel engines with a simple service using a turbocharger. The proportion of CD for heavy diesel engines that use turbo chargers.
Lubricant must have the capacity to flow, albeit at different temperatures. At the extreme cold temperatures will increase viscosity and to prevent the flow of oil to the bearing-bearing. Mixtures of chemicals (additives) is added to the oil to allow oil to flow always has a characteristic velocity (velosity)
The resistance to carbon
High temperatures during the power stroke will make the layer of lubricating oil into carbon. Occurring carbon would eventually destroy the engine piston rings stuck, dirty combustion chamber, valves stuck, etc.. Good lubricant properties must have resistance to carbon.
Fight corrosion and rust
High temperatures can also cause acid in the lubricant, which can erode the engine parts more so bearing. Good lubricant blended with additives to prevent corrosion and rust.
High temperatures during the power stroke will make the layer of lubricating oil into carbon. Occurring carbon would eventually destroy the engine piston rings stuck, dirty combustion chamber, valves stuck, etc.. Good lubricant properties must have resistance to carbon.
Fight corrosion and rust
High temperatures can also cause acid in the lubricant, which can erode the engine parts more so bearing. Good lubricant blended with additives to prevent corrosion and rust.
The resistance of the foam
Action crankshafts and other rotating parts causing volatile oil and turned into foam. Oil is changing the nature of such bubbles can not function as an effective lubricant. This will cause a lot of engine parts such as bearings and damaged others. When the oil turns into bubbles will cause the oil can spill from the oil reservoir.
Cleaning capabilities
Cleaning agent added to the lubricating oil to clean dirt, dust, and foreign matter from the engine. Lubricating oil will trap all the dirt and brought to the filter to be separated from the oil, and save the parts that move and also from the damaged bearing.
High pressure resistant
For modern automotive lubricants it requires a high pressure resistance, not only for the bearing, as well as for the valve spring is harder to use, as well as for any other moving parts. Lubricant to prevent high pressure resistance of pressed out (squeezing) on receipt of high pressure. If the squeezing does not occur then the oil can act as a cushion to move parts of it.
Action crankshafts and other rotating parts causing volatile oil and turned into foam. Oil is changing the nature of such bubbles can not function as an effective lubricant. This will cause a lot of engine parts such as bearings and damaged others. When the oil turns into bubbles will cause the oil can spill from the oil reservoir.
Cleaning capabilities
Cleaning agent added to the lubricating oil to clean dirt, dust, and foreign matter from the engine. Lubricating oil will trap all the dirt and brought to the filter to be separated from the oil, and save the parts that move and also from the damaged bearing.
High pressure resistant
For modern automotive lubricants it requires a high pressure resistance, not only for the bearing, as well as for the valve spring is harder to use, as well as for any other moving parts. Lubricant to prevent high pressure resistance of pressed out (squeezing) on receipt of high pressure. If the squeezing does not occur then the oil can act as a cushion to move parts of it.
Of lubricating oil filter go to the main gallery and on to the main bearings, big end bearing, piston pins on the roll shaft. Lubricating oil also goes to the cam shaft, the shaft unbalanced, unequal arms and valves in the cylinder head.
Lubricating oil lubricates the engine parts will fall back into the oil reservoir through the pores found in certain parts of the engine to re-pumped and filtered. The oil will be used to lubricate the engine parts.
Types of Lubricants Pumps
The type of lubricating oil pump used in a vehicle:
Type of gear pump lubrication
This pump consists of two gears, the gear drive and gear driven. When the gear rotates, the inlet port will suck and brought the lubricant supply at parts gear-teeth going to port out and then go to the filter to filter. When the engine rotation speed increases, the lubricant pressure is getting higher and higher. At this time the pressure relief valve opens to allow the lubricant to go back to the burrow entrance. With this pressure can be controlled.
Lubrication pump rotor type
This type of pump outer rotor and the rotor. When the rotor rotates in the rotor will turn out. At the same time space to breathe in and brought the lubricant gaps clearance to go to space them out so to maintain. When the rotating speed of the engine lubricating oil pressure increases, the pressure relief valve opens to allow the lubricant into the hallway. So with this pressure can be controlled.
Type of lubricant pump blades
Lubricating plunger type pump
Pressure relief valve
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